2019/08/29 by Melissa H. Mai, Brian A. Camley, Mai, Melissa H. +1
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Chemistry · Medicine · Physics and Astronomy · #Actin #Adhesion #Anatomy #Biology #Biophysics #Blood properties and coagulation #Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB) #Cell adhesion #Cell biology #Cellular Mechanics and Interactions #Chemistry #Composite material #Crawling #Extracellular matrix #FOS: Biological sciences #FOS: Physical sciences #Materials science #Matrix (chemical analysis) #Micro and Nano Robotics #Motility #Nanotechnology #Pseudopodia #Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) #cond-mat.soft #q-bio.CB
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1908.11374
published in arXiv (Cornell University) (Cornell University) · Note: four supplemental movies are provided
arxiv created 2019/08/29 · openalex publication_date 2019/08/29 · arxiv updated 2019/09/02 · openalex created_date 2019/09/05 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Eukaryotic cell motility is crucial during development, wound healing, the immune response, and cancer metastasis. Some eukaryotic cells can swim, but cells more commonly adhere to and crawl along the extracellular matrix. We study the relationship between hydrodynamics and adhesion that describe whether a cell is swimming, crawling, or combining these motions. Our simple model of a cell, based on the three-sphere swimmer, is capable of both swimming and crawling. As cell-matrix adhesion strength increases, the influence of hydrodynamics on migration diminish. Cells with significant adhesion can crawl with speeds much larger than their nonadherent, swimming counterparts. We predict that, while most eukaryotic cells are in the strong-adhesion limit, increasing environment viscosity or decreasing cell-matrix adhesion could lead to significant hydrodynamic effects even in crawling cells. Signatures of hydrodynamic effects include dependence of cell speed on the medium viscosity or the presence of a nearby substrate and the presence of interactions between noncontacting cells. These signatures will be suppressed at large adhesion strengths, but even strongly adherent cells will generate relevant fluid flows that will advect nearby passive particles and swimmers.