2020/01/26 by Irek E. Rosłoń, Irek Rosłoń, Robin J. Dolleman +21
Engineering · Physics and Astronomy · #Applied Physics (physics.app-ph) #FOS: Physical sciences #Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors #Mechanical and Optical Resonators #Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) #Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies #cond-mat.mes-hall #physics.app-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2001.09509
12 pages
arxiv created 2020/01/26 · openalex publication_date 2020/01/26 · arxiv updated 2020/01/28 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Porous, atomically thin graphene membranes have interesting properties for filtration and sieving applications because they can accommodate small pore sizes, while maintaining high permeability. These membranes are therefore receiving much attention for novel gas and water purification applications. Here we show that the atomic thickness and high resonance frequency of porous graphene membranes enables an effusion based gas sensing method that distinguishes gases based on their molecular mass. Graphene membranes are used to pump gases through nanopores using optothermal forces. By monitoring the time delay between the actuation force and the membrane mechanical motion, the permeation time-constants of various gases are shown to be significantly different. The measured linear relation between the effusion time constant and the square root of the molecular mass provides a method for sensing gases based on their molecular mass. The presented microscopic effusion based gas sensor can provide a small, low-power alternative for large, high-power, mass-spectrometry and optical spectrometry based gas sensing methods.