2020/12/12 by Sarah Allahmoradi, Allahmoradi, Sarah, Mohsen Parsa Moghaddam +5
Engineering · #Microgrid Control and Optimization #Optimal Power Flow Distribution #Smart Grid Energy Management
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2012.06855
Regarding the variability of renewable energy sources (RESs), especially in\nthe operation time periods, their high penetration faces the net load pattern\nof the power system with a major ramp rate challenge. Although employing a\nmarket-based mechanism by the independent system operator (ISO) can address\nthis challenge, it may not be possible to handle this challenge in all\nnetworks. In such networks, the required flexibility can be supplied by\ndecreasing the ramp rate of the purchased power of distribution companies\n(Discos) from the market since their net load has an important impact on the\nsystem's netload. Therefore, a flexibility-constrained operation problem for\nthe distribution networks with distributed energy resources (DERs) and\nmicrogrids (MGs) is proposed in this paper to decrease the ramp-rate of the\nDisco's purchased power from the market. This problem is formulated using a\nbi-level two-stage stochastic model where the problem of the Disco and the MGs\nare modeled as the upper-level and lower-level problems, respectively. The\nproposed model is applied to the IEEE 33-bus standard test network with three\nMGs. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed model to decrease the\nramp-rate of the Disco's purchased power from the market.\n