2023/12/13 by Coulon, Jean-Baptiste, Meynard, Jean-Marc
#Biodiversity #Biodiversité #Innovation #Landscape #Paysage #Pollutants #Reconception #Redesign #Rejets #Ressources rares #Scare ressources
paper · doi:10.17180/8ygn-q098
The analysis of environmental impacts of agriculture (positive as well as negative), their measurement, their evaluation and the design of sustainable technical options are central issues of many research programs. Based on the work of 12 expert groups dealing with animal (6 groups) and crop (6 groups) productions, this paper synthesizes 191 technical solutions, designed or studied by INRA, making it possible to improve environmental performances of farms, without reducing their economic viability or the one of the supply chains. These solutions improve different environmental criteria: 32 % aim at preserving scarce resources (water, energy, soils…); 50 % aim at reducing pollution by nitrogen, GHG, pesticides… ; 13 % are designed to preserve biodiversity, and 5 % to preserve landscapes. For animal production, the main levers are feeding practices and livestock systems. For crop production, the main levers are cultivar breeding and cropping systems. An important contribution is noticed on system redesign, mainly for crop and cattle production. About half of the solutions are already operational.