2010/02/16 by I. Zakout, Carsten Greiner, Zakout, Ismail +1
Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat) #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Scientific Research and Discoveries
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1002.3119
openalex publication_date 2010/02/16 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
In order to study the nuclear matter in the relativistic heavy ion collisions\nand the compact stars, we need the hadronic density of states for the entire\n(\μB-T) phase transition diagram. We present a model for the continuous\nhigh-lying mass (and volume) spectrum density of states that fits the Hagedorn\nmass spectrum. This model explains the origin of the tri-critical point besides\nvarious phenomena such as the quarkyonic matter and the quark-gluon liquid. The\nHagedorn mass spectrum is derived for the color-singlet quark-gluon bag with\nvarious internal structures such as the unimodular unitary, orthogonal and\ncolor-flavor locked symplectic symmetry groups. The continuous high-lying\nhadronic mass spectrum is populated at first by the unitary Hagedorn states.\nThen the spectrum turns to be dominated by the colorless orthogonal states as\nthe dilute system is heated up. Subsequently, the liquid/gas of orthogonal\nHagedorn states undergoes higher order deconfinement phase transition to\nquark-gluon plasma. Under the deconfinement phase transition process, the\ncolor-singlet states is broken badly to form the colored SU(Nc) symmetry\ngroup. On the other hand, when the hadronic matter is compressed to larger\n\μB and heated up, the colorless unitary states undergoes first order\nphase transition to explosive quark-gluon plasma. The tri-critical point\nemerges as a change in the characteristic behaviour of the matter and as an\nintersection among various phases with different internal symmetries. When the\nsaturated hadronic matter is cooled down and compressed to higher density, it\nturns to be dominated by the colorless symplectic states. This matter exhibits\nthe first order phase transition to quark-gluon plasma when it is heated up to\nhigher temperature. The role of chiral phase transition is also discussed.\n