2021/06/10 by Neziha Akalın, Akalin, Neziha, Annica Kristoffersson +3 · 2 citations
Health Professions · Psychology · #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Human-Automation Interaction and Safety #Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC) #Occupational Health and Safety Research #Safety Warnings and Signage
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.05854
openalex publication_date 2021/06/10 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Safety in human-robot interaction can be divided into physical safety and\nperceived safety, where the latter is still under-addressed in the literature.\nInvestigating perceived safety in human-robot interaction requires a\nmultidisciplinary perspective. Indeed, perceived safety is often considered as\nbeing associated with several common factors studied in other disciplines,\ni.e., comfort, predictability, sense of control, and trust. In this paper, we\ninvestigated the relationship between these factors and perceived safety in\nhuman-robot interaction using subjective and objective measures. We conducted a\ntwo-by-five mixed-subjects design experiment. The five within-subjects\nconditions correspond to (1) baseline, and the manipulations of robot behaviors\nto stimulate: (2) discomfort, (3) decreased perceived safety, (4) decreased\nsense of control and (5) distrust. Twenty-seven young adult participants took\npart in the experiments. Participants were asked to answer questionnaires that\nmeasure the manipulated factors after within-subjects conditions. Besides\nquestionnaire data, we collected objective measures such as videos and\nphysiological data. The questionnaire results show a correlation between\ncomfort, sense of control, trust, and perceived safety. We also discuss the\neffect of individual human characteristics (such as personality and gender)\nthat they could be predictors of perceived safety. We used the physiological\nsignal data and facial affect from videos for estimating perceived safety where\nparticipants' subjective ratings were utilized as labels. The data from\nobjective measures revealed that the prediction rate was higher from\nphysiological signal data. This paper can play an important role in the goal of\nbetter understanding perceived safety in human-robot interaction.\n