Endothelial Extracellular Matrix

2005/11/23 by George E. Davis, Donald R. Senger · 1,216 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Chemistry · Medicine · #Angiogenesis #Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer #Basement membrane #Biochemistry #Biology #Cell #Cell Adhesion Molecules Research #Cell biology #Chemistry #Endothelial stem cell #Extracellular matrix #Fibronectin #Genetics #In vitro #Integrin #Laminin #Matrix metalloproteinase #Morphogenesis #Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms #Signal transduction

paper · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000191547.64391.e3

published in Circulation Research 97(11), 1093-1107 (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

openalex publication_date 2005/11/23 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/26

Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for all aspects of vascular biology. In concert with supporting cells, endothelial cells (ECs) assemble a laminin-rich basement membrane matrix that provides structural and organizational stability. During the onset of angiogenesis, this basement membrane matrix is degraded by proteinases, among which membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are particularly significant. As angiogenesis proceeds, ECM serves essential functions in supporting key signaling events involved in regulating EC migration, invasion, proliferation, and survival. Moreover, the provisional ECM serves as a pliable scaffold wherein mechanical guidance forces are established among distal ECs, thereby providing organizational cues in the absence of cell-cell contact. Finally, through specific integrin-dependent signal transduction pathways, ECM controls the EC cytoskeleton to orchestrate the complex process of vascular morphogenesis by which proliferating ECs organize into multicellular tubes with functional lumens. Thus, the composition of ECM and therefore the regulation of ECM degradation and remodeling serves pivotally in the control of lumen and tube formation and, finally, neovessel stability and maturation.

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