Toward a simultaneous resolution of the H₀ and S₈ tensions: early dark energy and an interacting dark sector model

2025/05/29 by Mai Yashiki, Yashiki, Mai · 8 citations
Computer Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Computational Physics and Python Applications #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) #Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems #FOS: Physical sciences

paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2505.23382

openalex publication_date 2025/05/29 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

The tension between the Hubble constant (H₀) inferred from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and that measured from late-time observations, such as the local distance ladder, is a major challenge in modern cosmology. Early dark energy (EDE) has been proposed as a possible resolution to the H₀ tension, but it typically worsens the S₈ tension by enhancing the small-scale matter power spectrum due to an increased cold dark matter density. To address this issue, we propose a model that combines EDE with an interacting dark energy-dark matter (iDEDM) scenario, and investigate whether this mixed model can simultaneously resolve both tensions. We find that the DE-DM interaction suppress the growth of structure and reduce S₈, while EDE contributes to increase H₀, although less effectively than in the EDE-only case. Our MCMC analysis using Planck 2018, DESI BAO, DES, Pantheon+, and SH0ES data shows that the mixed model provides modest improvements in both tensions, although it does not fully resolve either. This limitation appears to stem from the fact that both EDE and iDEDM independently favor a higher present-day matter density, which reduces the angular diameter distance and limits the degree to which EDE can lower the sound horizon.

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Cited by

• On the Metric f(R) gravity Viability in Accounting for the Binned Supernovae Data
• Robust evidence for dynamical dark energy in light of DESI DR2 and joint ACT, SPT, and Planck data
• Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking as a Late-Time Trigger for Interacting Dark Energy
• Updated Cosmological Constraints from 2D BAO Measurements: A New Compilation and Comparison with DESI DR2
• Phantom crossing or dark interaction?
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• Testing the cosmic distance duality relation with baryon acoustic oscillations and supernovae data
• Revisiting the phenomenologically emergent dark energy model: is non-zero equation of state of dark matter favored by DESI DR2?

Related

• The Ups and Downs of Early Dark Energy solutions to the Hubble tension: a review of models, hints and constraints circa 2023
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