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Generation and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Photocatalysis

2017/08/04 by Yoshio Nosaka, Atsuko Y. Nosaka · 4,631 citations
Chemistry · Energy · Environmental Science · #Adsorption #Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques #Advanced oxidation water treatment #Anatase #Aqueous solution #Catalysis #Chemistry #Hydrogen peroxide #Hydroxyl radical #Inorganic chemistry #Organic chemistry #Oxide #Oxygen #Photocatalysis #Photochemistry #Radical #Reactive oxygen species #Singlet oxygen #Superoxide #TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells

paper · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00161

published in Chemical Reviews 117(17), 11302-11336 (American Chemical Society)

openalex publication_date 2017/08/04 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

The detection methods and generation mechanisms of the intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., superoxide anion radical ( • O 2 – ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), and hydroxyl radical ( • OH) in photocatalysis, were surveyed comprehensively. Consequently, the major photocatalyst used in heterogeneous photocatalytic systems was found to be TiO 2 . However, besides TiO 2 some representative photocatalysts were also involved in the discussion. Among the various issues we focused on the detection methods and generation reactions of ROS in the aqueous suspensions of photocatalysts. On the careful account of the experimental results presented so far, we proposed the following apprehension: adsorbed • OH could be regarded as trapped holes, which are involved in a rapid adsorption–desorption equilibrium at the TiO 2 –solution interface. Because the equilibrium shifts to the adsorption side, trapped holes must be actually the dominant oxidation species whereas • OH in solution would exert the reactivity mainly for nonadsorbed reactants. The most probable routes of generating intrinsic ROS at the surfaces of two polymorphs of TiO 2, anatase and rutile, were discussed along with some plausible rational reaction processes. In addition to the four major ROS, three ROS, that is organic peroxides, ozone, and nitric oxide, which are less common in photocatalysis are also briefly reviewed.

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