The composition of the Earth

1995/03/01 by W. F. McDonough, W.F. McDonough, S.-s. Sun +1 · 13,798 citations
Chemistry · Earth and Planetary Sciences · Physics and Astronomy · #Astro and Planetary Science #Astrobiology #Astrophysics #Basalt #Chemical composition #Chemistry #Chondrite #Earth (classical element) #Enstatite #Geochemistry #Geological and Geochemical Analysis #Geology #High-pressure geophysics and materials #Lithophile #Lithosphere #Mantle (geology) #Mantle convection #Meteorite #Partial melting #Peridotite #Physics #Planet #Planetary differentiation #Post-perovskite #Refractory (planetary science) #Silicate #Structure of the Earth #Tectonics #Terrestrial planet #Thermodynamics #Trace element #Volatiles

paper · doi:10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4

published in Chemical Geology 120(3-4), 223-253 (Elsevier BV)

openalex publication_date 1995/03/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Cited by

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• DETAILED ABUNDANCES OF PLANET-HOSTING WIDE BINARIES. I. DID PLANET FORMATION IMPRINT CHEMICAL SIGNATURES IN THE ATMOSPHERES OF HD 20782/81?
• Thermal conductivity of CaSiO3 perovskite at lower mantle conditions
• CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES IN THE EXTERNALLY POLLUTED WHITE DWARF GD 40: EVIDENCE OF A ROCKY EXTRASOLAR MINOR PLANET
• Combining machine learning techniques, microanalyses and large geochemical datasets for tephrochronological studies in complex volcanic areas: New age constraints for the Pleistocene magmatism of central Italy
• Regional study of the Archean to Proterozoic crust at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO+), Ontario: Predicting the geoneutrino flux
• Effects of pebble accretion on the growth and composition of planetesimals in the inner Solar system
• Neutrinos and energetics of the Earth
• Genesis of adakite-like lavas of Licancabur volcano (Chile—Bolivia, Central Andes)
• Rocky Planetesimal Formation Aided by Organics
• Prolonged plume volcanism in the Caribbean Large Igneous Province: New insights from Curaçao and Haiti
• Central Andean magmatism can be constrained by three ubiquitous end‐members
• Manifestations of the Cretaceous High Arctic Large Igneous Province in Svalbard
• Geochemistry of the 130 to 80 Ma Canadian High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) Event and Implications for Ni-Cu-PGE Prospectivity
• Garnet-field Melting and Late-stage Refertilization in 'Residual' Abyssal Peridotites from the Central Indian Ridge
• Late Glacial-Holocene tephra from southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego (Argentina, Chile): A complete textural and geochemical fingerprinting for distal correlations in the Southern Hemisphere
• The elemental abundances (with uncertainties) of the most Earth-like planet
• New approaches to the Moon's isotopic crisis. [europepmc]
• Evaporative fractionation of volatile stable isotopes and their bearing on the origin of the Moon. [europepmc]
• Geochemical arguments for an Earth-like Moon-forming impactor. [europepmc]
• Global water cycle and the coevolution of the Earth's interior and surface environment. [europepmc]
• Percolation channels: a universal idea to describe the atomic structure and dynamics of glasses and melts. [europepmc]
• Data-Driven Astrochemistry: One Step Further within the Origin of Life Puzzle. [europepmc]
• Oxidising agents in sub-arc mantle melts link slab devolatilisation and arc magmas. [europepmc]
• Martian magmatism from plume metasomatized mantle. [europepmc]
• Magmatic Response to Subduction Initiation: Part 1. Fore-arc Basalts of the Izu-Bonin Arc From IODP Expedition 352. [europepmc]
• Living at the Extremes: Extremophiles and the Limits of Life in a Planetary Context. [europepmc]
• Effects of core formation on the Hf-W isotopic composition of the Earth and dating of the Moon-forming impact. [europepmc]
• Corrigendum: Living at the Extremes: Extremophiles and the Limits of Life in a Planetary Context. [europepmc]
• Formation of bridgmanite-enriched layer at the top lower-mantle during magma ocean solidification. [europepmc]
• Experimental and Simulation Efforts in the Astrobiological Exploration of Exooceans. [europepmc]
• Pressure-Induced Coordination Changes in a Pyrolitic Silicate Melt From Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations. [europepmc]
• A magma ocean origin to divergent redox evolutions of rocky planetary bodies and early atmospheres. [europepmc]
• Buoyancy and Structure of Volatile-Rich Silicate Melts. [europepmc]
• Vertically Resolved Magma Ocean-Protoatmosphere Evolution: H 2 , H 2 O, CO 2 , CH 4 , CO, O 2 , and N 2 as Primary Absorbers. [europepmc]
• Experimental evidence for hydrogen incorporation into Earth's core. [europepmc]
• Reconciling metal-silicate partitioning and late accretion in the Earth. [europepmc]
• Complex Brines and Their Implications for Habitability. [europepmc]
• Miscibility of rock and ice in the interiors of water worlds. [europepmc]
• A Review on Hypothesized Metabolic Pathways on Europa and Enceladus: Space-Flight Detection Considerations. [europepmc]
• Sublithospheric diamond ages and the supercontinent cycle. [europepmc]
• Heteroatom doping enables hydrogen spillover via H + /e - diffusion pathways on a non-reducible metal oxide. [europepmc]