2011/05/19 by J. C. Hafele, Hafele, J. C. · 1 citation
Earth and Planetary Sciences · Physics and Astronomy · #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #FOS: Physical sciences #General Physics (physics.gen-ph) #Geophysics and Gravity Measurements #Relativity and Gravitational Theory #physics.gen-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1105.3857
22 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, version 10 completely revises and simplifies the derivation of the method, which much improves the quality of the results
openalex publication_date 2011/05/19 · arxiv created 2012/02/27 · arxiv updated 2012/02/28 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Classical Newtonian gravitational theory does not satisfy the causality principle because it is based on instantaneous action-at-a-distance. A causal version of Newtonian theory for a large rotating sphere is derived herein by time-retarding the distance between interior circulating point-mass sources and an exterior field-point. The resulting causal theory explains exactly the flyby anomaly reported by NASA scientists in 2008. It also explains exactly an anomalous decrease in the Moon's orbital speed. No other known theory can make both of these claims.