2024/04/25 by Ulysse Pavloff, Pavloff, Ulysse, Yackolley Amoussou-Genou +3 · 1 citation
Computer Science · #Cryptographic Implementations and Security #Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) #Distributed #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Network Security and Intrusion Detection #Parallel #Security and Verification in Computing #and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2404.16363
openalex publication_date 2024/04/25 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
In May 2023, the Ethereum blockchain experienced its first inactivity leak, a mechanism designed to reinstate chain finalization amid persistent network disruptions. This mechanism aims to reduce the voting power of validators who are unreachable within the network, reallocating this power to active validators. This paper investigates the implications of the inactivity leak on safety within the Ethereum blockchain. Our theoretical analysis reveals scenarios where actions by Byzantine validators expedite the finalization of two conflicting branches, and instances where Byzantine validators reach a voting power exceeding the critical safety threshold of one-third. Additionally, we revisit the probabilistic bouncing attack, illustrating how the inactivity leak can result in a probabilistic breach of safety, potentially allowing Byzantine validators to exceed the one-third safety threshold. Our findings uncover how penalizing inactive nodes can compromise blockchain properties, particularly in the presence of Byzantine validators capable of coordinating actions.