2007/07/26 by Charles B. Leffert, Leffert, Charles B.
Engineering · Physics and Astronomy · #Diverse Scientific and Engineering Research #FOS: Physical sciences #General Physics (physics.gen-ph) #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Scientific Research and Discoveries
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0707.3968
openalex publication_date 2007/07/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
A new phenomenological theory for the expansion of our universe is presented. Because fundamental supporting theory is still in development, its discussion is not presented in this paper. The theory is based on a new algebraic expression for cosmic time G Rho t2=3/32Pi, which correctly predicts the WMAP measured cosmological constants and the fundamental Hubble parameter H(t) for the expansion of the universe. A replacement for dark matter, called here "dark mass", is proposed which scales as with the expansion and incorporated. It does not react with ordinary matter, except gravitationally, and produces flat rotational curves for spiral galaxies. Also a new expression for the approaching velocity of radiation in a closed 3-sphere expanding universe is given that accounts for the early degrading negative approach of radiation for z > 1.7. The expression is v = Hr-c. Combining these three elements produces a luminosity distance dL that successfully predicts the apparent magnitude of exploding supernova Ia stars and even the new gamma ray bursts with no need for dark energy or acceleration of the expansion of the universe.