2025/12/21 by Chul-Ung Woo, Woo, Chul-Ung, Heiko Rieger +3
Physics and Astronomy · #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #FOS: Physical sciences #Quantum many-body systems #Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) #Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.18756
openalex publication_date 2025/12/21 · openalex created_date 2025/12/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
We investigate collective behavior in a Q-species Vicsek model with a nonreciprocal velocity alignment interaction. This system is characterized by a constant phase shift α in the inter-species velocity alignment rule. While the phase shift renders the interaction nonreciprocal, the system is globally invariant under any permutations of particle species, possessing Potts symmetry. The combination of Potts symmetry and nonreciprocity gives rise to a rich phase diagram. The nonreciprocal phase shift generates either counter-clockwise or clockwise chirality. Potts symmetry can be broken spontaneously. Consequently, the system exhibits four distinct phases: A species-mixed chiral phase where particles perform counter-clockwise chiral motion with quasi-long-range order, a species separation phase where Potts symmetry is broken and species-separated particles form vortex cells with clockwise chirality, a coexistence phase, and a disordered phase. We derive a Boltzmann equation and a hydrodynamic equation describing the system in the continuum limit, and present analytic arguments for the emergence of chirality and species separation.