2025/01/01 by Morgane Chapron, Chapron, Morgane, Benoît Joseph Batieno +13
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · #Agricultural pest management studies #Agriculture and Rural Development Research #Fer #Iron #Phytate #Thiamin #Thiamine #Zinc #Zinc phytate #Α-galactoside
paper · pdf · doi:10.17180/ciag-2025-vol99-art09
openalex publication_date 2025/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/02/02 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Cowpea is a legume rich in protein, B vitamins and minerals (magnesium, zinc), but also in antinutritional factors such as α-galactosides and phytic acid. The nutritional composition of cowpea seeds is therefore a criterion that can be taken into account to improve varietal selection. The nutritional composition of 13 varieties of cowpea cultivated in Burkina Faso was characterised in order to suggest varietal selection criteria based on nutritional potential. Nine varieties were cultivated in Tenkodogo (T), 10 in Kamboinsé (K), and 6 in the two localities. Protein contents were determined by the Kjeldahl method, the mineral contents by ICP-OES, thiamin contents by UHPLC-FLR, phytic acid contents by HPAEC-CD and the α-galactosides and low-molecular-weight oses contents were quantified by HPAEC-PAD. Variance analysis allowed to evaluate the varietal effect from the results obtained by locality (nT=9, and nK= 10), and the crop site effect (plot) from varieties cultivated in the two localities. The protein contents of the samples studied vary between 19,9 and 26,2 g/100 g DM depending on the variety. The phytate contents are higher on the Kamboinsé plot (with results ranging from 0,70 to 1,17 g IP6/100 g DM) than those of the Tenkodogo plot (0,42 to 0,80 g IP6/100 g DM). Thiamin equivalent contents, ranging from 0,34 to 0,73 mg/100 g DM, showed a significant variety and plot effect. The main forms of thiamin (di-phosphate and hydrochloride thiamins) are in variable proportions depending on the variety and the plot. Iron and zinc contents are affected by the variety and vary between 3,70 to 5,92 mg/100 g DM and from 3,30 to 5,14 mg/100 g DM. The total α-galactoside contents, which are between 3,27 and 6,09 g/100 g DM, and the saccharose contents ranging from 1,29 to 5,80 g/100 g DM were influenced by the variety effect. All of these components are influenced by the interaction between variety and plot. These results of nutritional composition should be related to practices to identify processes decreasing antinutritional factors (α-galactosides, phytic acid) while taking account consumers preferences. Phyate, iron, zinc, thiamin, α-galactoside contents could constitute additional criteria in varietal selection of cowpea, in Burkina Faso.