2024/02/26 by Keir Darling, Darling, Keir, Lawrence M. Widrow +1 · 1 citation
Chemistry · Computer Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) #FOS: Physical sciences #Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications #Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications #Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2402.16252
openalex publication_date 2024/02/26 · openalex created_date 2024/03/05 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
We study solutions of the collisionless Boltzmann equation (CBE) in a functional Koopman representation. This facilitates the use of linear spectral techniques characteristic of the analysis of Schrodinger-type equations. For illustrative purposes, we consider the classical phase mixing of a non-interacting distribution function in a quartic potential. Solutions are determined perturbatively relative to a harmonic oscillator. We impose a form of coarse-graining by choosing a finite dimensional basis to represent the distribution function and time evolution operators, which sets a minimum length scale on phase space structure. We observe a relationship between the dimension of the representation and the multiplicity of the harmonic oscillator eigenvalues. System dynamics are understood in terms of degenerate subspaces of the linear operator spectra. Each subspace is associated with a mode of the harmonic oscillator, the first two being bending and breathing structures. The quartic potential splits the degenerate eigenvalues within each subspace. This facilitates the formation of spiral structure as deformations from the harmonic oscillator modes. We ultimately argue that this construction provides a promising avenue for study of self-interacting systems experiencing phase mixing, which is an outstanding problem in the context of the Gaia DR2 vertical phase space spirals.