2025/07/01 by Kazunori Nakayama, Masaki Yamada, Nakayama, Kazunori +1
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.01082
openalex publication_date 2025/07/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
We demonstrate the formation of quasi-stable localized scalar configurations in spontaneously symmetry breaking U(1) model by 3+1-dimensional classical lattice simulations. Such configurations are called PQ-balls, as the primary motivation of this kind of configuration is Peccei-Quinn theory under the kinetic misalignment mechanism. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that they can form if the PQ charge is generated through the coherent rotation of a complex scalar field in the complex plane, via dynamics analogous to the Affleck-Dine mechanism. These configurations subsequently decay due to the U(1)-breaking effect induced by spontaneous symmetry breaking. We also demonstrate the formation and decay of oscillons in a similar setup in a real scalar field theory.