2003/08/06 by Bing An Li, Li, Bing An
Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #hep-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0308071
18 pages
arxiv created 2003/08/06 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01
It is found that in the SM the Ward-Takahashi(WT) identities of the axial-vector currents and the charged vector currents of fermions are invalid after spontaneous symmetry breaking. The spin-0 components of Z and W fields are revealed from the invalidity of these WT identities. The masses of these spin-0 components are at 1014GeV. They are ghosts. Therefore, unitarity of the SM after spontaneous symmetry breaking is broken at 1014GeV.