2025/02/01 by N. Raza, Raza, Nayyer, M. Chan +13
Computer Science · #Artificial intelligence #Astronomy #Computer science #FOS: Physical sciences #General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) #Gravitational wave #Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) #Physics #Seismology and Earthquake Studies
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2502.00297
published in arXiv (Cornell University) (Cornell University)
openalex publication_date 2025/02/01 · openalex created_date 2025/02/05 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
Multi-messenger observations of gravitational waves and electromagnetic emission from compact object mergers offer unique insights into the structure of neutron stars, the formation of heavy elements, and the expansion rate of the Universe. With the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) gravitational-wave detectors currently in their fourth observing run (O4), it is an exciting time for detecting these mergers. However, assessing whether to follow up a candidate gravitational-wave event given limited telescope time and resources is challenging; the candidate can be a false alert due to detector glitches, or may not have any detectable electromagnetic counterpart even if it is real. GWSkyNet-Multi is a deep learning model developed to facilitate follow-up decisions by providing real-time classification of candidate events, using localization information released in LVK rapid public alerts. Here we introduce GWSkyNet-Multi II, an updated model targeted towards providing more robust and informative predictions during O4 and beyond. Specifically, the model now provides normalized probability scores and associated uncertainties for each of the four corresponding source categories released by the LVK: glitch, binary black hole, neutron star-black hole, and binary neutron star. Informed by explainability studies of the original model, the updated model architecture is also significantly simplified, including replacing input images with intuitive summary values, making it more interpretable. For significant O4 event alerts issued between May 2023 and December 2024, GWSkyNet-Multi II produces a prediction that is consistent with the updated LVK classification for 93% of events. The updated model can be used by the community to help make time-critical follow-up decisions.