2017/10/23 by Sam Nelson, Nelson, Sam, Natsumi Oyamaguchi +3 · 2 citations
Mathematics · #57M25 #57M27 #Advanced Combinatorial Mathematics #FOS: Mathematics #Geometric Topology (math.GT) #Geometric and Algebraic Topology #Homotopy and Cohomology in Algebraic Topology #Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1710.08481
openalex publication_date 2017/10/23 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
We generalize the notion of biquandles to psyquandles and use these to define invariants of oriented singular links and pseudolinks. In addition to psyquandle counting invariants, we introduce Alexander psyquandles and corresponding invariants such as Alexander psyquandle polynomials and Alexander-Gröbner psyquandle invariants of oriented singular knots and links. We consider the relationship between Alexander psyquandle colorings of pseudolinks and p-colorings of pseudolinks. As a special case we define a generalization of the Alexander polynomial for oriented singular links and pseudolinks we call the Jablan polynomial and compute the invariant for all pseudoknots with up to five crossings and all 2-bouquet graphs with up to 6 classical crossings.