Radiated Angular Momentum from Spinning Black Hole Scattering Trajectories

2025/06/25 by Gustav Mogull, Mogull, Gustav, Jan Plefka +3 · 4 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #FOS: Physical sciences #General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) #High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) #Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories #Relativity and Gravitational Theory

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2506.20643

openalex publication_date 2025/06/25 · openalex created_date 2025/10/09 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Using the worldline quantum field theory approach we derive solutions to the equations of motion for spinning massive bodies up to quadratic order in spins. At leading post-Minkowskian (PM) order these trajectories are obtained in the time domain, and at sub-leading order in the frequency domain. Our approach incorporates diagrammatic techniques and modern Feynman integration technologies, and includes a new family of loop integrals different to those seen in asymptotic PM calculations. Our results provide a new mechanism for computing the radiated angular momentum involved in gravitational scattering, which we reproduce at 2PM order up to linear spins. We have established a framework for computing higher-order effects to further extend the high-precision frontier in analytical gravitational wave physics, and push predictions for the radiated angular momentum to higher perturbative orders.

Citations

• Dirac brackets for classical radiative observables
• Gravitational Bremsstrahlung in Black-Hole Scattering at O(G³): Quadratic-in-Spin Effects
• A novel Lagrange-multiplier approach to the effective-one-body dynamics of binary systems in post-Minkowskian gravity
• Observables and Unconstrained Spin Tensor Dynamics in General Relativity from Scattering Amplitudes
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• Conservative Spin Magnitude Change in Orbital Evolution in General Relativity
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• An Improved Framework for Computing Waveforms
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• Local-in-time Conservative Binary Dynamics at Fourth Post-Minkowskian Order
• Quantum Field Theory, Worldline Theory, and Spin Magnitude Change in Orbital Evolution
• Dissipative scattering of spinning black holes at fourth post-Minkowskian order
• Angular Momentum Loss Due to Spin-Orbit Effects in the Post-Minkowskian Expansion
• Gravitational Scattering of Compact Bodies from Worldline Quantum Field Theory
• What can be measured asymptotically?
• Classical Observables from the Exponential Representation of the Gravitational S-Matrix
• The gravitational eikonal: from particle, string and brane collisions to black-hole encounters
• The Relation Between KMOC and Worldline Formalisms for Classical Gravity
• Conservative scattering of spinning black holes at fourth post-Minkowskian order
• Bootstrapping the relativistic two-body problem
• Radiation and Reaction at One Loop
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• GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
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• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• Classical Mechanics of Nonconservative Systems

Cited by

• Double soft graviton factors from the gravitational Wilson line
• Generalized Unitarity Method for Worldline Field Theory
• Unitarity and the On-Shell Action of Worldline Quantum Field Theory
• Gluon amplitudes in first quantization

Related

• Dissipative scattering of spinning black holes at fourth post-Minkowskian order
• Conservative scattering of spinning black holes at fourth post-Minkowskian order
• Gravitational Bremsstrahlung in Black-Hole Scattering at O(G³): Quadratic-in-Spin Effects
• Spinning the Probe in Kerr with WQFT
• Gravitational Scattering of Compact Bodies from Worldline Quantum Field Theory