The development and initial validation of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics/American college of rheumatology damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus
1996/03/01 by Dafna D. Gladman, Dafna Gladman, Ellen M. Ginzler +30 · 2,588 citations
Medicine · #Antibody #Disease #Immunology #Index (typography) #Internal medicine #Lupus erythematosus #Medicine #Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies #Rheumatology #Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research #Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases #Systemic disease #Systemic lupus erythematosus
paper · pdf · doi:10.1002/art.1780390303
published in Arthritis & Rheumatism 39(3), 363-369 (Wiley)
openalex publication_date 1996/03/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To develop and perform an initial validation of a damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: A list of items considered to reflect damage in SLE was generated through a nominal group process. A consensus as to which items to be included in an index was reached, together with rules for ascertainment. Each center submitted 2 assessments, 5 years apart, on 2 patients with active and 2 with inactive disease, of whom 1 had increased damage and the other had stable disease. Analysis of variance was used to test the factors physician, time, amount of damage, and activity status. RESULTS: Nineteen physicians completed the damage index on 42 case scenarios. The analysis revealed that the damage index could identify changes in damage seen in patients with both active and inactive disease. Patients who had active disease at both time points had a higher increase in damage. There was good agreement among the physicians on the assessment of damage in these patients. CONCLUSION: This damage index for SLE records damage occurring in patients with SLE regardless of its cause. The index was demonstrated to have content, face, criterion, and discriminant validity.
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