2007/04/01 by Masoud Soheilian · 142 citations
Medicine · #Antibiotics #Clindamycin #Endophthalmitis #Gentamicin #Gentamicin Sulfate #Medicine #Ocular Infections and Treatments #Ophthalmology #Randomized controlled trial #Retinal and Macular Surgery #Surgery #Traumatic Ocular and Foreign Body Injuries
paper · doi:10.1001/archopht.125.4.460
published in Archives of Ophthalmology 125(4), 460 (American Medical Association)
openalex publication_date 2007/04/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/25
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of intraocular gentamicin sulfate and clindamycin in the prevention of acute posttraumatic bacterial endophthalmitis following penetrating eye injuries. METHOD: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-masked controlled trial of 346 eyes with penetrating eye injury. Following primary repair, eyes were randomized to intracameral or intravitreal injection of 40 microg of gentamicin sulfate and 45 microg of clindamycin (cases) vs balanced salt solution (controls). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Occurrence of endophthalmitis within 2 weeks. RESULTS: Endophthalmitis occurred in 8 (2.3%) of 167 eyes in the control group and only in 1 (0.3%) of 179 eyes in the case group (P = .04; odds ratio, 8.93 [95% confidence interval, 1.11-71.43]). In eyes with an intraocular foreign body, endophthalmitis developed in 7 of 25 control eyes and in none of 27 eyes receiving antibiotics. However, in eyes without an intraocular foreign body, endophthalmitis developed in 1 of 142 eyes and 1 of 152 eyes in the 2 groups, respectively (P value for interaction = .04). Intravitreal injection was superior to intracameral injection in preventing endophthalmitis (P value for interaction = .01). Vitreous culture results were positive in 6 (67%) of 9 eyes with endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION: Intraocular gentamicin and clindamycin are effective in the prevention of acute posttraumatic bacterial endophthalmitis in eyes with retained intraocular foreign body. APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Prophylaxis of traumatic endophthalmitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00398658.