2023/08/20 by Darryl Wright, Adriana Gregory, Wright, Darryl E. +31
Medicine · #Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) #Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments #FOS: Biological sciences #FOS: Computer and information sciences #FOS: Electrical engineering #Image and Video Processing (eess.IV) #Machine Learning (cs.LG) #Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM) #Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging #Uterine Myomas and Treatments #electronic engineering #information engineering
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2308.10372
openalex publication_date 2023/08/20 · openalex created_date 2023/08/23 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. On imaging, it is difficult to differentiate LMS from, for example, degenerated leiomyoma (LM), a prevalent but benign condition. We curated a data set of 115 axial T2-weighted MRI images from 110 patients (mean [range] age=45 [17-81] years) with UTs that included five different tumor types. These data were randomly split stratifying on tumor volume into training (n=85) and test sets (n=30). An independent second reader (reader 2) provided manual segmentations for all test set images. To automate segmentation, we applied nnU-Net and explored the effect of training set size on performance by randomly generating subsets with 25, 45, 65 and 85 training set images. We evaluated the ability of radiomic features to distinguish between types of UT individually and when combined through feature selection and machine learning. Using the entire training set the mean [95% CI] fibroid DSC was measured as 0.87 [0.59-1.00] and the agreement between the two readers was 0.89 [0.77-1.0] on the test set. When classifying degenerated LM from LMS we achieve a test set F1-score of 0.80. Classifying UTs based on radiomic features we identify classifiers achieving F1-scores of 0.53 [0.45, 0.61] and 0.80 [0.80, 0.80] on the test set for the benign versus malignant, and degenerated LM versus LMS tasks. We show that it is possible to develop an automated method for 3D segmentation of the uterus and UT that is close to human-level performance with fewer than 150 annotated images. For distinguishing UT types, while we train models that merit further investigation with additional data, reliable automatic differentiation of UTs remains a challenge.