2025/12/02 by Muhammad Ashraf, Ashraf, Muhammad Saad, Nosheen Akbar +1
Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Nuclear physics research studies #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.02801
openalex publication_date 2025/12/02 · openalex created_date 2025/12/04 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
A few analytic exponential models of elastic differential cross section, constructed as purely phenomenological models, are proposed and tested. The models incorporate energy-dependent exponential slopes, power-law prefactors, and localized Gaussian modifications which are built to reproduce the observed dip region, supplemented in some cases by logarithmic t-dependent slopes. Simple additive sub-leading exponential contributions that represent charge conjugation and isospin roles are introduced in the models to increase applicability and quality of fit across elastic differential cross section data of np, np, pp, and pp elastic scattering. The models reproduce the characteristic features of the elastic scattering data such as the dip-bump structure, shrinkage of the forward peak, and controlled curvature that is localized around the dip. Parameters of the models are found by fitting the experimental data of elastic np differential cross section in an energy range of √(s) = 3.36 GeV to 26.02 GeV, across a momentum range of 0.065 ≤ | t| ≤ 5.341 \textrmGeV2. The parameter values and their ranges, obtained by χ2 minimization are found within their assumed expected bounds with the np data fitting. The total cross section, the slope parameter, the interaction radius, the total elastic cross section, the inelastic cross section, the ratios σel/σtot, and σinel/σtot are predicted by the models for the np scattering at all the energies, which show accurate quantitative agreement with their reference values. The results show that the proposed models not only provide accurate quantitative description of np elastic differential cross section but also yield estimates of the observables that are consistent with theoretical expectations from Regge phenomenology and high-energy scattering constraints.