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Understanding the physics of D-Wave annealers: From Schrödinger to Lindblad to Markovian Dynamics

2025/03/27 by Vrinda Mehta, Mehta, Vrinda, Hans De Raedt +5 · 2 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2503.21565

openalex publication_date 2025/03/27 · openalex created_date 2025/10/11 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Understanding the physical nature of the D-Wave annealers remains a subject of active investigation. In this study, we analyze the sampling behavior of these systems and explore whether their results can be replicated using quantum and Markovian models. Employing the standard and the fast annealing protocols, we observe that the D-Wave annealers sample states with frequencies matching the Gibbs distribution for sufficiently long annealing times. Using Bloch equation simulations for single-qubit problems and Lindblad and Markovian master equations for two-qubit systems, we compare experimental data with theoretical predictions. Our results provide insights into the role of quantum mechanics in these devices.

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