2023/06/15 by Jafar Sadeghi, J. Sadeghi, Saeed Noori Gashti +2 · 11 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
paper · doi:10.1016/j.aop.2023.169391
In this paper, we use the generalized off-shell Helmholtz free energy method to explore the thermodynamic properties of Bardeen black holes (BD BHs) from a topological perspective based on Duan’s topological current ϕ -mapping. We consider various structures of BD BHs, including regular BD-AdS BHs, BD-AdS BHs in Kiselev’s model of quintessence , BD BHs in massive gravity (MG), and BD BHs in 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. We demonstrate that these BHs have one topological classification (TC), i.e., TC is +1 for all BHs considered, and the addition of MG or GB terms, etc., does not change the topological numbers.