Divergent Pathways of Gentrification
2014/06/12 by Jackelyn Hwang, Robert J. Sampson · 36 citations
Social Sciences · Health Professions · #Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies #Homelessness and Social Issues #Crime Patterns and Interventions
paper · doi:10.1177/0003122414535774
Abstract
Gentrification has inspired considerable debate, but direct examination of its uneven evolution across time and space is rare. We address this gap by developing a conceptual framework on the social pathways of gentrification and introducing a method of systematic social observation using Google Street View to detect visible cues of neighborhood change. We argue that a durable racial hierarchy governs residential selection and, in turn, gentrifying neighborhoods. Integrating census data, police records, prior street-level observations, community surveys, proximity to amenities, and city budget data on capital investments, we find that the pace of gentrification in Chicago from 2007 to 2009 was negatively associated with the concentration of blacks and Latinos in neighborhoods that either showed signs of gentrification or were adjacent and still disinvested in 1995. Racial composition has a threshold effect, however, attenuating gentrification when the share of blacks in a neighborhood is greater than 40 percent. Consistent with theories of neighborhood stigma, we also find that collective perceptions of disorder, which are higher in poor minority neighborhoods, deter gentrification, while observed disorder does not. These results help explain the reproduction of neighborhood racial inequality amid urban transformation.
Citations
Cited by
- Racial Residential Segregation in the United States
- The Concentrated Geography of Eviction
- School Choice, Gentrification, and the Variable Significance of Racial Stratification in Urban Neighborhoods
- Green gentrification or ‘just green enough’: Do park location, size and function affect whether a place gentrifies or not?
- Life between buildings from a street view image: What do big data analytics reveal about neighbourhood organisational vitality?
- Measuring housing insecurity: the relationship with subjective well-being across family types in Italy
- To Protect and Serve Capital: Policing, Real Estate Development, and the Regulation of Invested Spaces in New York City
- Decoding urban landscapes: Google street view and measurement sensitivity
- In the Eye of the Beholder: Exploring Perceived Access in an Urban Resource Desert
- Policing Socio-Geographic Boundaries and Inequality
- Gentrification and Fair Housing: Does Gentrification Further Integration?
- Crime and Neighborhood Change in the Nation’s Capital: From Disinvestment to Gentrification
- Surveilling Surveillance: Estimating the Prevalence of Surveillance Cameras with Street View Data
- School discipline disparities increase when neighborhood Black population changes
- Upzoning and gentrification: Heterogeneous impacts of neighbourhood-level upzoning in New York City
- What makes gentrification ‘white’? Theorizing the mutual construction of whiteness and gentrification in the urban U.S.
- Cleaning Up the Neighborhood: White Influx and Differential Requests for Services
- The Association of Minority Self-Rated Health with Black versus White Gentrification. [europepmc]
- A direct observation method for auditing large urban centers using stratified sampling, mobile GIS technology and virtual environments. [europepmc]
- "Clear action requires clear thinking": A systematic review of gentrification and health research in the United States. [europepmc]
- Racial/Ethnic Inequities in Access to High-Quality Dialysis Treatment in Chicago: Does Neighborhood Racial/Ethnic Composition Matter? [europepmc]
- Whitest City in America: A Smaller Black Community's Experience of Gentrification, Displacement, and Aging in Place. [europepmc]
- Associations between Greenspace and Gentrification-Related Sociodemographic and Housing Cost Changes in Major Metropolitan Areas across the United States. [europepmc]
- Shifting neighborhoods, shifting health: A longitudinal analysis of gentrification and health in Los Angeles County. [europepmc]
- Adolescent Deviance and Cyber-Deviance. A Systematic Literature Review. [europepmc]
- How well do we know green gentrification? A systematic review of the methods. [europepmc]
- Changing the Landscape of an American Town: Immigrantrification of a Korean Ethnoburb and Its Cultural and Economic Consequences. [europepmc]
- Characterizing the perception of urban spaces from visual analytics of street-level imagery. [europepmc]
- Neighborhood gentrification, displacement, and severe maternal morbidity in California. [europepmc]
- Beyond Gentrification: Housing Loss, Poverty, and the Geography of Displacement. [europepmc]
- Geospatial Imprecision With Constraints for Precision Public Health: Algorithm Development and Validation. [europepmc]
- Post-wildfire neighborhood change: evidence from the 2018 Camp Fire. [europepmc]
- While Some Things Change, Do Others Stay the Same? The Heterogeneity of Neighborhood Health Returns to Gentrification. [europepmc]
- Direct and indirect pathways linking gentrification to adolescent reading and math achievement via educational aspirations and psychological distress. [europepmc]
- The role of sidewalk availability in gentrification: A longitudinal study of U.S. neighborhoods and racial/ethnic composition. [europepmc]
- Race, Crime, and Lending Risk in Chicago: The Relevance of Crime and Disorder for HOLC's Neighborhood Assessments. [europepmc]
Related