2024/05/23 by Ruzanov, V.
paper · doi:10.34920/2181-8592-2023.35en.001
The metallurgical centers of Tazabagyab, Dasht-i-Kumsay, Kairakkum, Dalverzin-Chust- Burgulyuk and North Bactria were identified based on data produced by spectral and morphologicaltypological studies of tools, weapons, designs, and dress articles. The original impulses have been determined to emanate from ancient copper industries on today’s Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Russia. The external and internal connections of these metallurgical centers have been studied and the chemical analysis of alloys was established (i.e. the use of such materials as tin, lead, arsenic, tin-lead, lead-arsenic bronzes, complex multicomponent tin-antimony-arsenic, and tin-lead-antimony-arsenic alloys, as well as pure copper and tin),which were used by local craftsmen to produce tools and accessories. Research has identified ore mines (i.e.deposits at “Vozrozhdennoe,” Naukat, Varzik, Karnab, and Gaurdak ore fields, etc.) located in the mountain areas of the Kyzylkum, Zirabulak-Ziaetda, Zarafshan, South Chatkal, and Qurama. The chronology and dating for metallurgical forges have been subject to analysis. The Turan metallurgical province, formed in the late 2nd millennium BCE had been was identified at sites in present day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and southern Kyrgyzstan.