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The Nature of Reasoning in Theology, Philosophy, and Mathematics

2025/08/27 by Chad R. Mangum, Mangum, Chad R. · 1 voice
Arts and Humanities · Mathematics · #FOS: Mathematics #History and Overview (math.HO) #Medieval Philosophy and Theology #Theology and Philosophy of Evil #math.HO

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.20297

openalex publication_date 2025/08/27 · arxiv published 2025/08/27 · arxiv updated 2025/08/27 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

This article supports the epistemological claim that sound human reasoning about ultimate knowledge is either foundational or circularly justified. In particular, questions which naturally arise in theology, philosophy, and related disciplines, to the extent that they rationally treat ultimate knowledge, are necessarily supported in one of these ways. Comparisons with, contrasts to, and analogies from mathematics are given to illustrate and enhance this central claim.

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