2016/05/04 by Mestries, Emmanuelle, Desanlis, Myriam, Aubertot, Jean-Noël +1
#Complexe parasitaire #Conduite culturale #Couplage modèle de culture #Crop management #Crop model and epidemiological model coupling #Integrated Pest Management #Modèle épidémiologique #Outil pour l’évaluation de stratégies de production intégrée #Protection intégrée des cultures #Sunflower disease complex #Tool for the evaluation of strategies of integrated production
paper · doi:10.15454/1.4622672746905388e12
Sunflower is a crop with multiple agronomic, industrial and environmental benefits. With regard to the national action plan Écophyto, its low Treatment Frequency Index presents a major advantage in many crop rotations. However, its economic competitiveness has to be improved and one of the key points in order to do so is to control biotic stress. It is therefore necessary to develop tools to help designing sustainable cropping systems by valorizing interactions among the environment (local biotic stress, soil and climate); cropping system, such as the impacts of the interaction between soil tillage and crop on endo-inocula, crop management (e.g. sowing date, nitrogen fertilisation), and cultivar choice. Two modelling approaches were undertaken in order to represent these interactions for four major fungi on sunflower: downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii), phomopsis (Diaporthe helianthi), phoma (Leptosphaeria lindquistii) and white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). Beyond the epidemiology of sunflower diseases and the impact of cropping practices on crop status and disease development, these models will represent interactions among pathogenic agents on sunflower. They will make it possible: i) to help researchers and advisors to design sustainable sunflower-based cropping systems; ii) to propose breeders tools to help design ideotypes of cultivar adapted to integrated production strategies.