2025/01/31 by Elizabeth Dobson, Axel Maas, Dobson, Elizabeth +5 · 1 voice
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #hep-lat
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2501.19212
The spectrum of nonabelian gauge theories cannot be described in terms of elementary particles, and so must be constructed from gauge-invariant composite operators, even in the presence of a Brout--Englert--Higgs effect. This leads to qualitative discrepancies in the prediction of the spectrum between perturbation theory and a full non-perturbative treatment in many theories. This is especially noticeable for GUTs. We present results corroborating this general statement using lattice simulations for a ''GUT-like'' toy theory, SU(3) Yang--Mills theory coupled to a Higgs field in the fundamental representation. Despite the apparent simplicity of the model, we find a rich spectrum with some previously unseen features. We also outline the next steps required to generate a large operator basis to extend this investigation to more realistic GUTs.