2022/03/18 by A. Miotello, I. Kamp, Miotello, A. +7 · 53 citations
Chemical Engineering · Chemistry · Physics and Astronomy · #Astronomy #Astrophysics #Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies #Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) #Exoplanet #FOS: Physical sciences #Geology #Geophysics #Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure #Physics #Planet #Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR) #Thermodynamic properties of mixtures #astro-ph.EP #astro-ph.SR
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.09818
published in arXiv (Cornell University) (Cornell University) · Review Chapter for Protostars and Planets VII, Editors: Shu-ichiro Inutsuka, Yuri Aikawa, Takayuki Muto, Kengo Tomida, and Motohide Tamura. Accepted version after interaction with the referees and before community feedback. 30 pages (34 with references), 10 figures
arxiv created 2022/03/18 · openalex publication_date 2022/03/18 · arxiv updated 2022/03/21 · openalex created_date 2022/05/05 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
The field of planet formation is in an exciting era, where recent\nobservations of disks around low- to intermediate-mass stars made with state of\nthe art interferometers and high-contrast optical and IR facilities have\nrevealed a diversity of substructures, some possibly planet-related. It is\ntherefore important to understand the physical and chemical nature of the\nprotoplanetary building blocks, as well as their spatial distribution, to\nbetter understand planet formation. Since PPVI, the field has seen tremendous\nimprovements in observational capabilities, enabling both surveys of large\nsamples of disks and high resolution imaging studies of a few bright disks.\nImprovements in data quality and sample size have, however, opened up many\nfundamental questions about properties such as the mass budget of disks, its\nspatial distribution, and its radial extent. Moreover, the vertical structure\nof disks has been studied in greater detail with spatially resolved\nobservations, providing new insights on vertical layering and temperature\nstratification, yet also bringing rise to questions about other properties,\nsuch as material transport and viscosity. Each one of these properties - disk\nmass, surface density distribution, outer radius, vertical extent, temperature\nstructure, and transport - is of fundamental interest as they collectively set\nthe stage for disk evolution and corresponding planet formation theories. In\nthis chapter, we will review our understanding of the fundamental properties of\ndisks including the relevant observational techniques to probe their nature,\nmodelling methods, and the respective caveats. Finally, we discuss the\nimplications for theories of disk evolution and planet formation underlining\nwhat new questions have since arisen as our observational facilities have\nimproved.\n