2022/06/23 by Jiuyong Li, Ha Xuan Tran, Li, Jiuyong +9
Computer Science · #Advanced Graph Neural Networks #Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) #Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference #Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Machine Learning (cs.LG) #Methodology (stat.ME)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2206.11529
openalex publication_date 2022/06/23 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
This paper studies the problem of estimating the contributions of features to the prediction of a specific instance by a machine learning model and the overall contribution of a feature to the model. The causal effect of a feature (variable) on the predicted outcome reflects the contribution of the feature to a prediction very well. A challenge is that most existing causal effects cannot be estimated from data without a known causal graph. In this paper, we define an explanatory causal effect based on a hypothetical ideal experiment. The definition brings several benefits to model agnostic explanations. First, explanations are transparent and have causal meanings. Second, the explanatory causal effect estimation can be data driven. Third, the causal effects provide both a local explanation for a specific prediction and a global explanation showing the overall importance of a feature in a predictive model. We further propose a method using individual and combined variables based on explanatory causal effects for explanations. We show the definition and the method work with experiments on some real-world data sets.