Neural Computers
2026/04/07 by Mingchen Zhuge, Changsheng Zhao, Haozhe Liu +16 · 11 voices
#cs.LG #cs.AI
paper · pdf
Abstract
We propose a new frontier: Neural Computers (NCs) that unify computation, memory, and I/O of traditional computers in a learned runtime state. Our long-term goal is the Completely Neural Computer (CNC): the mature, general-purpose realization of this emerging machine form, with stable execution, explicit reprogramming, and durable capability reuse. As an initial step, we study whether elementary NC primitives can be learned solely from collected I/O traces, without instrumented program state. Concretely, we instantiate NCs as video models that roll out screen frames from instructions, pixels, and user actions (when available) in CLI and GUI settings. We show that NCs can acquire elementary interface primitives, especially I/O alignment and short-horizon control, while routine reuse, controlled updates, and symbolic stability remain challenging. We outline a roadmap toward CNCs, to establish a new computing paradigm beyond today's agents and conventional computers.
Discussions
- A “Neural Computer” is built by adapting video generation architectures to train a World Model of an actual computer that can directly simulate a computer interface. Paper: arxiv.org/abs/2604.06425 Co [bsky, 75 points, 2 comments]
- That was not on my Bingo card arxiv.org/pdf/2604.06425 Also: x.com/yuntiandeng/... [bsky, 35 points, 2 comments]
- *Proposed "neural computers," in which models become Turing-complete devices and just model the models, dispensing with conventional computers entirely. arxiv.org/pdf/2604.06425 [bsky, 4 points, 0 comments]
- Neural Computers [hn, 3 points, 0 comments]
- Neural Computers [hn, 3 points, 0 comments]
- Ya know, Percepta could already make neural computers happen with their llm computer work www.percepta.ai/blog/constru... I want them to run Damn Small Linux like this en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compari... [bsky, 2 points, 0 comments]
- Neural Computers [hn, 2 points, 0 comments]
- arxiv.org/abs/2604.06425 Neural Computers 個人的にはこれを計算機だと表するのは、インタラクティブ動画生成をゲーム生成だと言い張ることよりもさらに何段階も飛躍を感じるな…… 日本の驚き屋界隈にはまだ到達していないっぽい [bsky, 1 points, 0 comments]
- Researchers introduce 'Neural Computers,' uniting computation, memory, and I/O in a learned state, transcending traditional programming. Findings show these systems can learn interface primitives from [bsky, 1 points, 0 comments]
- Neural Computers arxiv.org/abs/2604.06425 [bsky, 0 points, 0 comments]
- [2604.06425] Neural Computers — Useful overview of the “neural computers” idea—how models can be structured to compute with learned representations rather than just pattern-match. Worth a skim if you’ [bsky, 0 points, 0 comments]
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