2001/02/19 by Gilad Gour, Gour, Gilad
Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) #High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) #Optics (physics.optics) #Quantum Physics (quant-ph) #gr-qc #hep-th #physics.optics #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0102092
12 pages, REVTEX
arxiv created 2002/06/25 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30
Defining the observable \bf ϕ canonically conjugate to the number observable \bf N has long been an open problem in quantum theory. Here we show how to define the absolute phase observable \bf Φ≡ |\bfϕ| by suitably restricting the Hilbert space of x and p like variables. This \bf Φ is actually the absolute value of the phase and has the correct classical limit. A correction to the ``cosine'' \bf C and ``sine'' \bf S operators of Carruthers and Nieto is obtained.