Active Matter

2010/03/10 by Gautam I. Menon, Menon, Gautam I. · 16 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #FOS: Biological sciences #FOS: Physical sciences #Micro and Nano Robotics #Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT) #Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) #Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) #cond-mat.soft #cond-mat.stat-mech #q-bio.OT

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1003.2032

Pedagogical review, 26 pages, chapter to appear in "Rheology of Complex Fluids"

arxiv created 2010/03/10 · openalex publication_date 2010/03/10 · arxiv updated 2010/03/11 · openalex created_date 2024/04/11 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

The term active matter describes diverse systems, spanning macroscopic (e.g. shoals of fish and flocks of birds) to microscopic scales (e.g. migrating cells, motile bacteria and gels formed through the interaction of nanoscale molecular motors with cytoskeletal filaments within cells). Such systems are often idealizable in terms of collections of individual units, referred to as active particles or self-propelled particles, which take energy from an internal replenishable energy depot or ambient medium and transduce it into useful work performed on the environment, in addition to dissipating a fraction of this energy into heat. These individual units may interact both directly as well as through disturbances propagated via the medium in which they are immersed. Active particles can exhibit remarkable collective behaviour as a consequence of these interactions, including non-equilibrium phase transitions between novel dynamical phases, large fluctuations violating expectations from the central limit theorem and substantial robustness against the disordering effects of thermal fluctuations. In this chapter, following a brief summary of experimental systems which may be classified as examples of active matter, I describe some of the principles which underlie the modeling of such systems.

Cited by

• A Rayleigh criterion for mechanical instability: inducing activity by chemo-mechanical coupling
• Spatial and Temporal Cluster Tomography of Active Matter
• Nonequilibrium Macroscopic Response Relations for Counting Statistics
• Flow-Induced Phase Separation for Active Brownian Particles in Four-Roll-Mill Flow
• Machine-learning-derived protocols for information-based work extraction from active particles
• Non-uniqueness of the steady state for run-and-tumble particles with a double-well interaction potential
• Identifying non-equilibrium fluctuations in Intracellular Motion Using Recurrent Neural Networks
• Nonlinear Response Relations and Fluctuation-Response Inequalities for Nonequilibrium Stochastic Systems
• Stochastic Forces Enhance Tracer Diffusion in Non-motile Active Matter
• Scaling Behaviors in Active Model B+ via the Functional Renormalization Group
• What exactly is 'active matter'?
• Steady state and relaxation dynamics of run and tumble particles in contact with a heat bath
• Very persistent random walkers reveal transitions in landscape topology
• On the Value of Tokeniser Pretraining in Physics Foundation Models
• Demonstration of the rotational viscosity transfer across scales in Navier-Stokes turbulence
• Competing effect of disorder on phase separation in active systems

Related

• The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter
• What exactly is 'active matter'?
• Soft Active Matter
• A review of active matter reviews
• Emergent Self-organization in Active Materials