2018/04/14 by James S. Goodwin, Shuang Li, Addie Middleton +3 · 20 citations
Health Professions · Medicine · Nursing · Social Sciences · #Cohort study #Confidence interval #Confounding #Demography #Emergency medicine #Environmental health #Frailty in Older Adults #Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes #Gerontology #Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving #Internal medicine #Logistic regression #Long-term care #Medicine #Minimum Data Set #Nursing #Nursing homes #Odds #Odds ratio #Population #Skilled Nursing Facility
paper · pdf · doi:10.1111/jgs.15377
published in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 66(10), 1880-1886 (Wiley)
openalex publication_date 2018/04/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
OBJECTIVES: To determine how the risk of subsequent long-term care (LTC) placement varies between skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and the SNF characteristics associated with this risk. DESIGN: Population-based national cohort study with participants nested in SNFs and hospitals in a cross-classified multilevel model. SETTING: SNFs (N=6,680). PARTICIPANTS: Fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries (N=552,414) discharged from a hospital to a SNF in 2013. MEASUREMENTS: Participant characteristics from Medicare data and the Minimum Data Set. SNF characteristics from Medicare and Nursing Home Compare. Outcome was a stay of 90 days or longer in a LTC nursing home within 6 months of SNF admission. RESULTS: Within 6 months of SNF admission, 10.4% of participants resided in LTC. After adjustments for participant characteristics, the SNF where a participant received care explained 7.9% of the variance in risk of LTC, whereas the prior hospital explained 1.0%. Individuals in SNFs with excellent quality ratings had 22% lower odds of transitioning to LTC than those in SNFs with poor ratings (odds ratio=0.78, 95% confidence interval=0.74-0.84). Variation between SNFs and associations with quality markers were greater in sensitivity analyses limited to individuals least likely to require LTC. Results were essentially the same in a number of other sensitivity analyses designed to reduce potential confounding. CONCLUSION: Risk of subsequent LTC placement, an important and negatively viewed outcome for older adults, varies substantially between SNFs. Individuals in higher-quality SNFs are at lower risk.