2025/08/13 by Firstov, G. S., Koval, Yu. M., Filatova, V. S. +3
#530 #670 #high-entropy shape-memory alloys #martensitic transformation #mechanical properties #multiple principal element intermetallic compounds #shape memory and related phenomena #structure
paper · doi:10.15488/19387
Amongst functional materials, shape-memory alloys occupy a special position. After their discovery these alloys attracted substantial attention because of the possibility to restore significant deformation amounts under certain stress–temperature conditions due to the martensitic diffusionless phase transformation involved. It was possible to exploit not only so-called ‘shape-memory’ effect, but also superelasticity and high damping capacity. Over the years, more than 10 000 patents on shape-memory alloys were filed, appreciating not only the possibility to exploit the energy transformation to ensure the response (feedback) at the change in independent thermodynamic parameters (temperature, stress, pressure, electric or magnetic field, etc.), but the significant work output as well. The envisaged shape memory components covered applications in the automotive, aerospace, machine building and civil construction industries. Unfortunately, structural and functional fatigue restricted successful business application mostly to the medical sector, with the Nitinol shape-memory alloy dominating applications such as different implants, stents or cardiovascular valves. Emerging high-entropy shape-memory alloys can be considered as a chance to overcome the fatigue problems of today’s shape-memory alloys due to their specific structure that ensures superior resistance to irreversible plastic deformation.