2017/09/26 by Hendrik Flamme, Flamme, Hendrik, Emma Tegling +3
Engineering · #Power System Optimization and Stability #Smart Grid Energy Management #Microgrid Control and Optimization
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1709.08893
Distributed approaches to secondary frequency control have become a way to\naddress the need for more flexible control schemes in power networks with\nincreasingly distributed generation. The distributed averaging\nproportional-integral (DAPI) controller presents one such approach. In this\npaper, we analyze the transient performance of this controller, and\nspecifically address the question of its performance under noisy frequency\nmeasurements. Performance is analyzed in terms of an H2 norm metric that\nquantifies power losses incurred in the synchronization transient. While\nprevious studies have shown that the DAPI controller performs well, in\nparticular in sparse networks and compared to a centralized averaging PI (CAPI)\ncontroller, our results prove that additive measurement noise may have a\nsignificant negative impact on its performance and scalability. This impact is\nshown to decrease with an increased inter-nodal alignment of the controllers'\nintegral states, either through increased gains or increased connectivity. For\nvery large and sparse networks, however, the requirement for inter-nodal\nalignment is so large that a CAPI approach may be preferable. Overall, our\nresults show that distributed secondary frequency control through DAPI is\npossible and may perform well also under noisy measurements, but requires\ncareful tuning.\n