2018/12/20 by B. Ananthanarayan, Ananthanarayan, B., Shayan Ghosh +1
Physics and Astronomy · #Anomalous magnetic dipole moment #Effective field theory #FOS: Physical sciences #Gauge (firearms) #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph) #Muon #Nuclear physics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Physics beyond the Standard Model #Pion #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Quark #Standard Model (mathematical formulation) #Unitarity #Yukawa potential #hep-ph #physics.hist-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1901.11061
published in arXiv (Cornell University) (Cornell University) · 18 pages, latex, article prepared for publication in Physics News, Quarterly Publication of the Indian Physics Association, to mark the 125th birth anniversary of S. N. Bose; draws from our prior articles arXiv:physics/0703141, arXiv:1004.4257 [hep-ph], arXiv:1202.5391 [hep-ph], arXiv:1810.09265 [hep-ph] amongst others
arxiv created 2018/12/20 · openalex publication_date 2018/12/20 · arxiv updated 2019/02/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Pions were predicted by H. Yukawa as force carriers of the inter-nucleon forces, and were detected in 1947. Today they are known to be bound states of quarks and anti-quarks of the two lightest flavours. They satisfy Bose statistics, and are the lightest particles of the strong interaction spectrum. Determination of the parameters of the Standard Model, including the masses of the lightest quarks, has only recently reached high precision on the lattice. Pions are also known to be pseudo-Goldstone bosons of spontaneously broken approximate axial-vector symmetries, and a probe of their properties and interactions at high precision tests our knowledge of the strong interactions. While also being a probe of the solution of the strong interactions on the computer, which is known as lattice gauge theory. Despite their long history, there are significant experimental and theoretical challenges in determining their properties at high precision. Examples include the lifetime of the neutral pion, and the status of their masses and decay widths in effective field theories. Pion-pion scattering has been studied for several decades using general methods of field theory such as dispersion relations based on analyticity, unitarity and crossing. Knowledge from these theoretical methods are used to confront high precision experimental data, and to analyze them to extract information on their scattering and phase shift parameters. This knowledge is crucial for estimating the Standard Model contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, which is being probed at Fermilab in ongoing experiments. Other sensitive tests include the rare decay of the eta meson into three pions, which represents an isospin violating decay. The present article briefly reviews these important developments.