2023/12/12 by Susanne Liese, Liese, Susanne, Xueping Zhao +5 · 1 citation
Earth and Planetary Sciences · Materials Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph) #FOS: Physical sciences #Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization #Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) #Theoretical and Computational Physics #nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2312.07239
openalex publication_date 2023/12/12 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Wetting of liquid droplets on passive surfaces is ubiquitous in our daily lives, and the governing physical laws are well-understood. When surfaces become active, however, the governing laws of wetting remain elusive. Here we propose chemically active wetting as a new class of active systems where the surface is active due to a binding process that is maintained away from equilibrium. We derive the corresponding non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory and show that active binding fundamentally changes the wetting behavior, leading to steady, non-equilibrium states with droplet shapes reminiscent of a pancake or a mushroom. The origin of such anomalous shapes can be explained by mapping to electrostatics, where pairs of binding sinks and sources correspond to electrostatic dipoles along the triple line. This is an example of a more general analogy, where localized chemical activity gives rise to a multipole field of the chemical potential. The underlying physics is relevant for cells, where droplet-forming proteins can bind to membranes accompanied by the turnover of biological fuels.