2023/11/14 by Maillet-Mezeray, Julie, Dor, Charlotte, Chapelin-Viscardi, Jean-David +11
#Aménagements agro-écologique #Arable crops #Auxiliaires #Beetles hover fly #Benefits #Carabidés #Diversity #Diversité #Ecological infrastructures #Grandes cultures #Service rendu #Syrphidés
paper · doi:10.17180/smk1-n191
Project CASDAR 'Entomophagous in crops: diversity, ecosystemic service and potentiality of habitats' ran from 2009 to 2011, coordinated by ARVALIS-Institut du végétal. This project fits both in the context of assessment of biodiversity in agricultural areas and reduction of the use of plant protection products. It is particularly interested in the Entomophagous carabid beetles and Syrphids and pursues the objectives to evaluate 1) the participation of crops to the conservation of the diversity of these families, 2) the effect of farming practices and ecological infrastrcutures on these species, 3) their role in regulation of pest populations in different landscape contexts. To achieve these objectives, various experiments were implemented in areas of field crops in three regions (Rhône - Alpes, Centre - Ile - de - France, Picardie). Forty-five plots spread over 11 different landscapes were surveyed using Pitfall traps, emergence traps, cornet and tents malaise traps. This represents more than 21,000 records for aboveground fauna and 9000 for flying fauna. Results demonstrated the diversity of species encountered in agricultural areas of field crops and the effect of farming practices or ecological infrastructures on these various communities. 'Production' of beneficials can, indeed, be ensured by the mosaic of cultures, semi-natural environments ensuring the sustainability of the populations. Innovative experiments of evaluation of the service provided by carabid beetles and syrphids were carried out in parallel. To answer this question, field and laboratory experiments were implemented to evaluate services provided by the auxiliary fauna. Finally, decisionsupport tools made to estimate, ground beetles, syrphid, and entomophagous potential to conserve and improve it, in a farm have been proposed