2026/07/16 by Yuhang Li, Yu Zhuang, Zilong Bao +4
#physics.optics
We report non-Hermitian mode couplings in a photonic time crystal induced by the light within its momentum bandgap. When the relative phase between the light and the photonic time crystal compensates for the detuning, we observe a periodic suppression of exponentially growing Floquet modes. In contrast, the optical response in this regime cannot be reproduced by the conventional Floquet expansion of the Green's function, revealing that the light induces effective mode couplings beyond the quasinormal mode approximation. We further investigate the parity-time phase transition through the exceptional point and quantitatively explain the suppression dynamics based on the phase, detuning, and modulation amplitude. The nontrivial interaction with light and the controllable non-Hermiticity indicate the great potential of photonic time crystals in temporally modulated nanophotonics.