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Supernovae evidence for foundational change to cosmological models

2024/11/28 by Antonia Seifert, Zachary G. Lane, Marco Galoppo +2 · 12 voices · 5 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena

paper · pdf · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slae112

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present a new, cosmologically model-independent, statistical analysis of the Pantheon+ Type Ia Supernovae spectroscopic data set, improving a standard methodology adopted by Lane et al. We use the Tripp equation for supernova standardization alone, thereby avoiding any potential correlation in the stretch and colour distributions. We compare the standard homogeneous cosmological model, i.e. spatially flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM), and the timescape cosmology which invokes backreaction of inhomogeneities. Timescape, while statistically homogeneous and isotropic, departs from average Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker evolution, and replaces dark energy by kinetic gravitational energy and its gradients, in explaining independent cosmological observations. When considering the entire Pantheon+ sample, we find very strong evidence (ln B\gt 5) in favour of timescape over ΛCDM. Furthermore, even restricting the sample to redshifts beyond any conventional scale of statistical homogeneity, z \gt 0.075, timescape is preferred over ΛCDM with ln B\gt 1. These results provide evidence for a need to revisit the foundations of theoretical and observational cosmology.

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