2025/11/04 by Edouard Sonin, É. B. Sonin, Sonin, Edouard
Physics and Astronomy · #Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism #Superconducting and THz Device Technology #Superconductivity in MgB2 and Alloys
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2511.02967
The recently suggested theory of planar ballistic SNS junctions demonstrated that in junctions without normal scattering (the case of equal Fermi velocities and effective masses in all layers) phase gradients in superconducting leads cannot be ignored. The revision of the previous theory ignoring them essentially changes the current-phase relation (CPR) of short junctions at T=0. It transforms it from forward-skewed to backward-skewed. The CPR at temperatures exceeding the energy spacing between Andreev levels but less than the critical temperature was also calculated. The current at these temperatures is temperature independent and decreases with growing L as 1/L4. The previous theory predicted the current exponentially decreasing with growing T and L. The SNS junctions with normal scattering (non-equal Fermi velocities in leads and inside the junction) were also analyzed. At strong mismatch of Fermi velocities the planar ballistic SNS junction becomes a common Josephson junction, which is a weak link and satisfies the Ambegaokar--Baratoff relation. Implications of the analysis for non-planar junctions (narrow normal bridge between two bulk superconductors) are also discussed. A qualitative explanation of experimental observation of backward-skewed CPR in short InAs nanowire bridge junctions was suggested.