2023/09/28 by Christ, Timo, Ellrich, Dietmar, Leng, Gabriele +7
#(Brommethyl)benzol #(Bromomethyl)benzene #(Chlormethyl)benzol #(Chloromethyl)benzene #(Iodmethyl)benzol #(Iodomethyl)benzene #1 #1-Brombutan #1-Bromobutane #1-Bromopropane #1-Brompropan #1-Iodbutan #1-Iodobutane #1-Iodopropane #1-Iodpropan #1-Propen #1-Propene #2-Epoxyethan #2-Epoxyethane #2-Epoxypropan #2-Epoxypropane #2-Methyloxiran #2-Methyloxirane #2-Propenamid #2-Propenamide #2-Propenenitrile #2-Propennitril #543 Analytical chemistry #543 Analytische Chemie #571.95 Toxicology #571.95 Toxikologie #616.9803 Betriebs- und Arbeitsmedizin #616.9803 Industrial and occupational medicine #Acrylamid #Acrylamide #Acrylnitril #Acrylonitrile #Allgemeinbevölkerung #Analysen in biologischem Material #Analysenmethode #Analyses in Biological Materials #Arbeiter #Arbeitnehmer #Arbeitsplatz #Arbeitsplatzbelastung #Benzyl bromide #Benzyl chloride #Benzyl iodide #Benzylbromid #Benzylchlorid #Benzyliodid #Biomonitoringmethode #Bischlormethylether #Bischloromethyl ether #Bromethan #Brommethan #Bromoethane #Bromomethane #Butyl bromide #Butyl iodide #Butylbromid #Butyliodid #Chlor(chlormethoxy)methan #Chlor(methoxy)methan #Chlormethan #Chlormethylether #Chlormethylmethylether #Chloro(chloromethoxy)methane #Chloro(methoxy)methane #Chloromethane #Chloromethyl ether #Chloromethyl methyl ether #Cyanoethen #Cyanoethene #Diazomethan #Diazomethane #Dibutyl sulfate #Dibutylsulfat #Dichlordimethylether #Dichlorodimethyl ether #Diethyl sulfate #Diethylsulfat #Dimethyl sulfate #Dimethylsulfat #Dipropyl sulfate #Dipropylsulfat #Elektronenstoßionisation #Erythrozytenfraktion des Vollblutes #Ethen #Ethene #Ethyl bromide #Ethyl iodide #Ethyl mesylate #Ethyl methanesulfonate #Ethylbromid #Ethylen #Ethylene #Ethylene oxide #Ethylenoxid #Ethyliodid #Ethylmesylat #Ethylmethansulfonat #GC-MS/MS #Gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry #Gaschromatographie mit Tandem-Massenspektrometrie #HBM #Hintergrundbelastung #Humanbiomonitoring #Hämoglobin-Addukte #Intoxikation #Iodethan #Iodmethan #Iodoethane #Iodomethane #Methanesulfonic acid ethyl ester #Methansulfonsäureethylester #Methode #Methyl bromide #Methyl chloride #Methyl iodide #Methylbromid #Methylchlorid #Methyliodid #Monochlordimethylether #Monochlorodimethyl ether #N-Butyl-N-nitroso-1-butanamin #N-Butyl-N-nitroso-1-butanamine #N-Ethyl-N-nitrosoethanamin #N-Ethyl-N-nitrosoethanamine #N-Methyl-N-nitrosoethanamin #N-Methyl-N-nitrosoethanamine #N-Methyl-N-nitrosomethanamin #N-Methyl-N-nitrosomethanamine #N-Nitroso-N-propyl-1-propanamin #N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamin #N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine #N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamin #N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine #N-Nitrosodiethylamin #N-Nitrosodiethylamine #N-Nitrosodimethylamin #N-Nitrosodimethylamine #N-Nitrosomethylethylamin #N-Nitrosomethylethylamine #Oxiran #Oxirane #Prop-2-enamid #Prop-2-enamide #Prop-2-enenitrile #Prop-2-ennitril #Propyl bromide #Propyl iodide #Propylbromid #Propylen #Propylene #Propylene oxide #Propylenoxid #Propyliodid #Schwefelsäuredibutylester #Schwefelsäurediethylester #Schwefelsäuredimethylester #Schwefelsäuredipropylester #Sulfuric acid dibutyl ester #Sulfuric acid diethyl ester #Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester #Sulfuric acid dipropyl ester #Tolyl chloride #Tolylchlorid #Umweltbelastung #Vergiftung #analytical method #background exposure #biological monitoring #biologisches Monitoring #biomonitoring method #electron impact ionisation #employee #environmental exposure #erythrocyte fraction of whole blood #general population #haemoglobin adducts #human biomonitoring #intoxication #method #n-Alkylvaline #n-alkylvalines #poisoning #worker #workplace #workplace exposure
paper · doi:10.34865/bi33488d8_3or
The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and verified the presented biomonitoring method. Alkylating substances play an important role in many industrial processes and include n-alkyl and benzyl halides, α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, epoxides, alkylnitrosamines, chloroalkyl ethers, dialkyl sulfates as well as alkyl alkane sulfonates. As alkylating substances are mainly used in industry, most exposure occurs in the workplace. The general population is primarily exposed through cigarette smoke, which contains a variety of alkylating substances. In addition, certain foods, especially highly heated, starchy foods, are a source of exposure to acrylamide, another alkylating substance. The aim of this work was to develop a selective method to simultaneously determine the adducts of different alkylating substances with the N-terminal valine of haemoglobin, namely N-methylvaline, N-ethylvaline, N-propylvaline, N-butylvaline, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)valine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine, N-(2-cyanoethyl)valine, N-benzylvaline, and N-(2-carbamoylethyl)valine. The method has been comprehensively validated, and the reliability data have been confirmed by replication and verification of the procedure in a second, independent laboratory. For the determination of the adducts at the N-terminal valine of haemoglobin, erythrocytes are isolated from whole blood and subjected to lysis. Globin is precipitated from the haemoglobin solution and, after the addition of N-(2-ethoxyethyl)valine-alanine-anilide as internal standard, the alkylated N-terminal valines are derivatised and cleaved off by a modified Edman degradation using pentafluorophenyl isothiocyanate. The corresponding pentafluorophenyl thiohydantoin derivates are extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether, washed, and analysed by GC-MS/MS. The good precision and accuracy data show that the method is reliable and accurate. The method is both selective and sensitive, and the limits of detection between 10 and 70 pmol/g globin are sufficient to determine occupational exposure and, for some analytes, exposure of the general population to the respective alkylating substances.