2006/10/11 by J. W. Moffat, Moffat, J. W.
Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #FOS: Physical sciences #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) #gr-qc
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0610059
10 pages, no figures, Latex file. Revised version of paper
openalex publication_date 2006/10/11 · arxiv created 2007/10/24 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
A non-singular cosmology is derived in modified gravity (MOG) with a varying gravitational coupling strength G(t)=GNξ(t). Assuming that the curvature k, the cosmological constant Λ and ρ vanish at t=0, we obtain a non-singular universe with a negative pressure, pG < 0. Quantum fluctuations at t∼ 0 produce creation of pairs of particles from the vacuum explaining the origin of matter. The universe expands for t→ ∞ according to the standard radiation and matter dominated solutions. The arrow of time reverses at t=0 always pointing in the direction of increasing entropy \cal S and the entropy is at a minimum value at t=0, solving the conundrum of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The Hubble radius H-1(t) is infinite at t=0 removing the curvature and particle horizons. The negative pressure pG generated by the scalar field ξ at t∼ 0 can produce quantum spontaneous creation of particles explaining the origin of matter and radiation.