Space-Time Beamforming for LEO Satellite Communications

2025/05/12 by Jungbin Yim, Jinseok Choi, Yim, Jungbin +7
Engineering · Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Electrical engineering #GNSS positioning and interference #Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology #Satellite Communication Systems #Signal Processing (eess.SP) #electronic engineering #information engineering

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2505.07547

openalex publication_date 2025/05/12 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Inter-beam interference poses a significant challenge in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications due to dense satellite constellations. To address this issue, we introduce spacetime beamforming, a novel paradigm that leverages the spacetime channel vector, uniquely determined by the angle of arrival (AoA) and relative Doppler shift, to optimize beamforming between a moving satellite transmitter and a ground station user. We propose two space-time beamforming techniques: spacetime zero-forcing (ST-ZF) and space-time signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (ST-SLNR) maximization. In a partially connected interference channel, ST-ZF achieves a 3dB SNR gain over the conventional interference avoidance method using maximum ratio transmission beamforming. Moreover, in general interference networks, ST-SLNR beamforming significantly enhances sum spectral efficiency compared to conventional interference management approaches. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of space-time beamforming in improving spectral efficiency and interference mitigation for next-generation LEO satellite networks.

Citations

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Related

• Space-Time Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Multibeam LEO Satellite Networks
• Interference Mitigation in LEO Constellations with Limited Radio Environment Information
• Interference-Aware Multiuser Hybrid Precoding for Coexistence with LEO Satellite Communication
• A Dynamic Codebook Design for Analog Beamforming in MIMO LEO Satellite Communications
• Latency Optimization in LEO Satellite Communications with Hybrid Beam Pattern and Interference Control