2025/02/10 by Baraa Shammout, Leon Karpa, Shammout, Baraa +7
Physics and Astronomy · #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Strong Light-Matter Interactions #Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2502.06590
A theoretical model is proposed for the formation of ultracold ground-state triatomic molecules in weakly bound energy levels. The process is driven by the electric component of a microwave field, which induces the association of an ultracold atom colliding with an ultracold diatomic molecule. This model is exemplified using 39K atoms and 23Na39K molecules, both in their ground states, a scenario of experimental relevance. The model assumes that the dynamics of the association are dominated by the long-range van der Waals interaction between 39K and 23Na39K. The electric microwave association mechanism relies on the intrinsic electric dipole moment of 23Na39K, which drives transitions between its lowest rotational levels ( j=0 and j=1). The energies of the uppermost triatomic energy levels are computed by numerically solving coupled Schrödinger equations using the Mapped Fourier Grid Hamiltonian method. Measurable association rates are derived within the framework of a perturbative approach. This method of electric microwave association provides an alternative to atom-molecule association via magnetic Feshbach resonances for forming ultracold, deeply bound triatomic molecules, and is applicable to a wide range of polar diatomic molecules.